Welcome to USD1revshare.com
USD1 stablecoins are stablecoins (digital tokens designed to keep a steady value) that are stably redeemable (you can exchange them for the underlying asset at a set rate) on a one-to-one basis for U.S. dollars. On this site, the phrase USD1 stablecoins is used in a purely descriptive way: it is not a brand name, it does not point to a single issuer (the entity that creates and redeems a token), and it does not imply that any particular product is official. It is simply a convenient label for "a dollar-redeemable stablecoin token." International policy work often uses the term "stablecoin" descriptively as well, while noting that the word does not guarantee stability in real-world stress.[1][2][3]
The topic of USD1revshare.com is revshare (short for revenue sharing, meaning one party shares a portion of revenue with another). In systems built around USD1 stablecoins, revshare most often appears when a platform earns fees, spreads (the difference between a buy price and a sell price), or other income connected to USD1 stablecoins activity and then shares some of that income with partners, users, or liquidity providers (participants who supply assets to markets so others can trade).
Because revshare arrangements can look similar to yield (a return on funds you put at risk) and because marketing can blur those lines, this page takes a careful, non-hype approach. It explains common revshare structures, where the money typically comes from, what can go wrong, and what clear disclosures look like. It also highlights how regulators and standard-setting bodies describe stablecoin risks and the importance of transparency, governance, and sound risk controls.[1][2][6]
What revshare means here
Revenue sharing can be as simple as "we split the fees we collect" or as complex as "we share a formula-based portion of net revenue after expenses, subject to caps and eligibility rules." In practice, revshare in services that touch USD1 stablecoins tends to fall into three broad buckets:
- Distribution revshare: A wallet (software that stores cryptographic keys, which prove control of digital assets) or an exchange (a venue where assets are traded) integrates USD1 stablecoins and receives a share of certain fees or income for helping drive adoption.
- Usage revshare: A merchant app, payment processor (a service that routes payments), or marketplace receives a share of revenue tied to transaction volume, often framed as rebates (money returned after a fee is charged).
- Market-structure revshare: A protocol (a set of software rules, often implemented as smart contracts, meaning code that runs automatically) shares market fees with liquidity providers, stakers (participants who lock assets to help secure a system or align incentives), or other participants.
Each bucket raises different questions. Distribution revshare tends to be about contracts and counterparty credit risk (the risk the paying party cannot or will not pay). Market-structure revshare tends to be about smart contract risk (software bugs or design failures), market risk (prices move against you), and liquidity risk (you cannot exit when you want). Usage revshare is often in between.
A key point: revshare is about how revenue is divided, not about a guarantee that the revenue will exist. If activity drops, or if fees change, revshare can drop to zero. That is why a clear revshare description always explains the revenue source, the calculation method, the timing, and the conditions under which terms can change.
Why revenue sharing shows up
Revenue sharing is not unique to digital assets. Credit card networks, app stores, and affiliate marketing all use versions of it. USD1 stablecoins add a twist: USD1 stablecoins can be used across many venues (exchanges, wallets, payment apps, decentralized finance protocols, and merchant checkouts) without a single central routing system. That fragmentation creates both opportunities and confusion.
Common reasons revshare appears in USD1 stablecoins ecosystems include:
- Customer acquisition costs: If a product earns money only when users adopt USD1 stablecoins at scale, it may choose to share revenue with distributors rather than paying large up-front marketing fees.
- Two-sided network growth: Payment products often need both payers and payees. Revshare can subsidize one side (for example, returning part of a fee to merchants) to help the network reach useful scale.
- Liquidity bootstrapping: Trading venues, especially automated market makers (AMMs, software-run pools that set prices based on pool balances), need liquidity. Revshare can encourage liquidity providers to supply USD1 stablecoins to pools so swaps can happen with lower price impact.
- Alignment of incentives: If partners help lower fraud, improve compliance, or reduce customer support load, sharing revenue can align behavior with the health of the system.
- Competitive pressure: If competing products offer rebates or fee sharing, others may follow, even if the underlying economics are thin.
International bodies have also highlighted that stablecoin arrangements can create new linkages between crypto markets and traditional finance (banks, money market funds, and government securities markets). Those linkages make incentives important, because incentives can push risk-taking into corners that are hard to see until stress arrives.[1][2][3][9]
Where the money comes from
When you see revshare connected to USD1 stablecoins, it helps to map the money trail. In broad terms, revenue connected to USD1 stablecoins can come from several sources. A single program can mix more than one.
Reserve-related income
Many stablecoin designs depend on reserves (assets held to support redemption at par, meaning at the intended one-to-one value). Reserve assets might include cash, bank deposits, or short-term government securities. If reserves earn interest, that interest can be a major source of income. That is one reason transparency about reserve composition and custody (who holds the assets and under what legal arrangement) matters so much.[2][3][6]
A revshare program might share part of reserve-related income with distribution partners or with end users, but the details matter. A careful description clarifies whether the share is based on gross interest, net interest after expenses, or something else, and whether the share depends on holding balances for a minimum time.
Transaction and service fees
Some platforms charge fees to mint (create) or redeem (cash out) USD1 stablecoins, or they charge for related services such as compliance checks, settlement, or withdrawal processing. Centralized exchanges may charge trading fees when people trade one asset for another. Payment products may charge merchants a processing fee.
Revshare can share a portion of those fees with a partner that generated the volume. It can also show up as a rebate to the user, which can feel like "free" activity even though the fee is simply being returned from another pocket.
Spreads and conversion margins
On-ramps and off-ramps (services that convert between bank money and digital assets) often earn a spread. For example, a user might buy USD1 stablecoins at a slightly worse rate than the true market rate, and that difference is revenue. Spreads can be opaque, so a revshare tied to spreads is hard to compare unless the provider discloses how pricing is set.
Market fees in decentralized finance
In decentralized finance (DeFi, financial services run through software rather than a single firm), many venues earn fees directly inside smart contracts. AMM pools take a small fee from each swap, and those fees can be shared with liquidity providers. Lending markets charge borrowers interest and share some with suppliers. These cash flows can be transparent on-chain (recorded on a public ledger) and visible on a blockchain (a shared database maintained by a network), but transparency is not the same as safety: a smart contract can be transparent and still risky if it is poorly designed or if the collateral model fails during stress.[2][7]
Partner rebates in payment paths
When USD1 stablecoins are used behind the scenes for payments, some programs resemble card economics, including interchange-like flows (fees paid among intermediaries in a payment chain). Not every USD1 stablecoins payment path has these features, but some payment rails have analogous partner fees and rebates. In those cases, revshare can depend on many moving parts: merchant category, geography, fraud levels, dispute rates, and more.
The practical takeaway is simple: revshare is never a single thing. You need to know which revenue source is being shared, and whether that source is stable across time.
Common revshare models
Below are patterns you may encounter when researching USD1 stablecoins revshare. None of these are endorsements; they are descriptions of how programs often work. In each case, pay attention to who earns revenue, who shares it, and what risks are transferred to participants.
1) Referral and affiliate sharing
A referral program pays a share of revenue tied to a referred customer. In the USD1 stablecoins context, that might be a share of trading fees, conversion spreads, or subscription fees. Key terms to look for include:
- Attribution window (how long a referral counts): Some programs count revenue for 30 days, others for a year.
- Eligible activity: Some count only conversions into USD1 stablecoins, others count withdrawals, trading, or card spending.
- Clawbacks (reversals): If activity is deemed fraudulent, the paying party may reverse payouts.
This model can be easy to understand, but it can incentivize spammy promotion if not controlled. It can also obscure risk if promoters focus on payouts rather than on the conditions and downsides.
2) Volume-based partner splits
A wallet, exchange, or payment app might negotiate a split based on monthly volume. For example, a partner could receive a percentage of fees generated by its users. This is common in many industries and can be relatively stable if the contract is clear.
Questions that matter:
- Is the split based on gross revenue or net revenue (after refunds, fraud losses, or operating costs)?
- Can the split change if fees change?
- What happens if local rules restrict certain flows in a specific region?
International standard setters emphasize that governance and clear responsibilities matter, especially when multiple entities across jurisdictions are involved.[1]
3) Merchant rebates and shared processing fees
Some payment products return part of a processing fee to merchants as a rebate. In USD1 stablecoins contexts, that can be marketed as "lower fees" even though the fee exists. The real comparison is the all-in cost after rebates, plus the operational realities: settlement timing, dispute handling, and the ability to convert proceeds into bank money.
This is also where consumer protection can matter. If a payer experiences a dispute, who handles it? If a merchant receives a rebate, is it contingent on low dispute rates? These details change the risk profile.
4) On-chain fee sharing to liquidity providers
In AMM pools, liquidity providers supply two assets (for example, USD1 stablecoins and another token) and earn a share of swap fees. This is a type of revshare because it shares fee revenue generated by traders. But it is also investment-like activity because liquidity providers face price risk. In volatile pairs, liquidity providers can suffer impermanent loss (a situation where providing liquidity yields a worse outcome than simply holding the assets, due to price changes).
Even in pools that pair USD1 stablecoins with another stablecoin, risks exist. A de-pegging event (a break from the intended stable value) can shift pool balances suddenly, leaving liquidity providers with the weaker asset. Central banks and policy bodies have highlighted that confidence and redeemability are core vulnerabilities for stablecoins and that runs can happen when that confidence breaks.[2][9]
5) Protocol revenue sharing to stakers or governance participants
Some protocols share part of protocol revenue with token holders who stake or participate in governance (how rules are changed). This can resemble dividend-like cash flow and can raise additional regulatory questions in some places. IOSCO has emphasized investor protection and market integrity issues in crypto and digital asset markets, including conflicts of interest and the need for clear disclosures.[7]
For USD1 stablecoins users, the relevance is indirect: you might be offered a revshare product that pays you because you "stake" something connected to USD1 stablecoins usage. Understanding the underlying revenue source is still key.
6) Treasury or balance-based sharing
Some programs pay based on average balances held in USD1 stablecoins. This can look like interest, even if it is described as revenue sharing. A cautious description explains whether payments are funded by reserve income, by marketing budgets, or by something like lending out assets (which adds credit risk). The U.S. Treasury-led report on stablecoins highlighted that stablecoin arrangements can pose risks related to reserves, redemption, and operational resilience, and it emphasized the role of appropriate oversight and safeguards.[6]
7) White-label infrastructure and revenue splits
In a white-label arrangement (one firm provides the infrastructure and another provides the brand or distribution), revenue splits can occur across compliance, customer service, and settlement functions. This can be efficient, but it can also create accountability gaps. Who is responsible for screening transactions for sanctions (legal restrictions on certain parties)? Who handles suspicious activity reports (formal notices filed when activity appears potentially illicit)?
FATF guidance stresses that virtual asset service providers (businesses that exchange, transfer, or safeguard virtual assets for others) are expected to follow anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing rules and that countries should implement a risk-based approach to the sector.[4][5]
On-chain versus off-chain mechanics
A lot of confusion about revshare comes from the difference between on-chain and off-chain tracking.
- On-chain (recorded on a public ledger): Revenue and payouts can be measured directly from transactions in smart contracts. This can improve transparency, because anyone can inspect the flows. But it can also create a false sense of safety. On-chain systems can fail due to bugs, flawed incentives, or governance weaknesses.
- Off-chain (recorded in traditional databases and accounting systems): Revenue is measured by the business operating the service, and payouts are paid through conventional rails or internal ledgers. This can be easier to reconcile with taxes and invoicing, but it increases reliance on the payer and on their accounting practices.
Some programs use hybrid models, such as on-chain fee generation with off-chain partner payouts. In those cases, the key questions are: what portion is on-chain, what portion is off-chain, and who controls the bridge between them.
Policy discussions often focus on governance, accountability, and operational resilience for stablecoin arrangements, especially when multiple entities or jurisdictions are involved.[1][2]
How revshare is calculated and reported
Even honest revshare programs can be hard to compare because their math is different. Here are common building blocks that change outcomes.
Gross versus net revenue
Gross revenue is total income before costs. Net revenue subtracts costs like chargebacks, fraud losses, hosting expenses, or partner fees. If your payout is based on net revenue, your share may be more variable and harder to verify independently.
Time period and settlement delays
Some programs calculate daily but pay monthly. Others calculate monthly but pay quarterly. Delays matter because revenue can be reversed (for example, in fraud cases) or because accounting adjustments can occur.
Basis points and tiering
Programs often quote rates in basis points (one hundredth of a percent). Tiering means the percentage changes with volume. For example, the first tier might pay 10 basis points and a higher tier might pay 25 basis points. In plain English, this means the share grows as activity grows, but only if the eligible volume definition is consistent.
Eligible volume definitions
"Volume" can mean gross transaction volume, net settled volume, or volume after exclusions like self-trading (trades that wash out) or promotional activity. Two programs can use the same headline rate and produce very different payouts because the eligible base differs.
Caps, floors, and change clauses
A cap limits the maximum payout. A floor promises a minimum payout, but floors often come with conditions and can be terminated. A change clause allows the paying party to change terms with notice. If a revshare program can change terms quickly, you should treat the revenue as uncertain.
Reporting transparency and assurance language
At a minimum, a responsible program provides:
- A clear definition of the revenue source being shared
- A clear formula
- A clear schedule for calculation and payment
- A statement of key risks and termination conditions
Some programs go further and publish attestations (third-party confirmations of specific information) or share dashboards. Attestations can help, but they are not the same as a full audit (a deeper examination of controls and financial statements). When reserve-related income is involved, reserve disclosures and the legal structure of custody become especially important for understanding whether redemption at par is resilient during stress.[2][3][6]
Risks and tradeoffs
Revshare can be a fair commercial arrangement, but it changes incentives and introduces risk. Below are risk categories that appear often around USD1 stablecoins revshare.
Counterparty and legal risk
If revshare is paid off-chain by a company, you rely on that company to pay. That is counterparty risk. Even with a contract, enforcing it across borders can be hard. In some cases, a platform may pause payouts during volatility or legal uncertainty.
Smart contract and operational risk
On-chain revshare can remove some counterparty discretion, but it introduces smart contract risk. Bugs, flawed assumptions, or oracle failures (an oracle is a system that feeds outside data into a blockchain) can cause losses. Operational risk also includes outages, compromised keys, and governance attacks.
Market and liquidity risk
Many revshare products are tied to market activity. If trading volume drops, fee revenue drops. If liquidity dries up, spreads widen, which can increase revenue for some parties but make products less attractive and more expensive for users.
Liquidity providers face additional risks, including impermanent loss. Even when one leg of a pool is USD1 stablecoins, the other leg can move, and the pool design can create asymmetric outcomes during rapid price moves.
Redemption and reserve risk
For USD1 stablecoins, the core promise is redemption at par. If confidence weakens, a run can occur (many holders try to redeem at once), which can force asset sales and create feedback loops. Policy discussions repeatedly highlight that redeemability and confidence are central to stablecoin vulnerability, and that stress can spill into other markets when reserves are large and concentrated in certain assets.[2][3][9]
Regulatory and rule-change risk
Rules differ by jurisdiction and can change quickly. A revshare program that is permitted in one place may be restricted in another. Some arrangements can also be viewed through the lens of securities regulation (rules for investment products), especially if payouts depend on the efforts of a promoter and are marketed as passive income. IOSCO has emphasized the need for consistent regulatory outcomes and strong investor protections where crypto activities resemble traditional financial activities.[7]
Financial integrity risk
Financial integrity refers to preventing money laundering, fraud, sanctions breaches, and other illicit finance. Revenue sharing can create incentives to chase volume without strong screening, which can raise risk. FATF guidance describes expectations for countries and virtual asset service providers, including customer due diligence (identity checks) and the Travel Rule (a rule that calls for certain customer information to travel with transfers).[4][5]
Reputation and conflict-of-interest risk
If a promoter earns revshare, they may have a conflict of interest when recommending a product. In a healthy market, that conflict is disclosed clearly and early, in plain language, not buried in fine print.
Compliance and disclosure basics
USD1 stablecoins touch multiple policy objectives: payments efficiency, monetary and financial stability, consumer and investor protection, and financial integrity. Because revshare sits at the intersection of incentives and public trust, disclosure quality matters.
This section is educational, not legal advice. If you are operating a business program, you may need local professional guidance.
Clear terminology
A revshare program should be explicit about whether it is:
- A share of fees charged to users
- A share of reserve-related income
- A marketing rebate funded from a budget
- A share of on-chain protocol fees
If the program is likely to be interpreted as interest, it should explain the difference in plain English. If payout amounts can change daily, it should say so.
Custody and redemption pathway
If a program encourages holding large balances of USD1 stablecoins, readers should understand where redemption happens and what could delay it. The U.S. stablecoin report emphasizes the importance of reliable redemption and appropriate safeguards for payment stablecoins used at scale.[6]
Governance and accountability
Who can change fees? Who can pause payouts? Who controls smart contract upgrades? FSB recommendations stress that stablecoin arrangements need effective governance and clear allocation of responsibilities, especially when activities span borders and multiple entities.[1]
Risk statements that match reality
A balanced disclosure does not hide risks behind vague phrases. It explains major risks in direct terms: smart contract bugs, market stress, redemption delays, legal changes, and operational outages.
Audit and attestation scope
If a site says "audited," it should clarify what was audited: smart contract code, reserves, financial statements, or something else. If it says "attested," it should explain the scope and the period covered. These distinctions matter because transparency claims can be misleading when readers assume more assurance than was actually provided.[2][3]
Identity verification and screening basics
Many services that move value are expected to implement KYC (know your customer, identity verification) and related controls in relevant jurisdictions. FATF materials outline expectations for virtual asset service providers and discuss practical challenges in implementation, including cross-border coordination and data sharing under the Travel Rule.[4][5]
Sustainability and unit economics
If you want to judge whether a revshare program is likely to persist, the most useful question is: "Where does the money come from, and is that source durable?"
Here are a few sustainability lenses that do not depend on hype:
Fee-funded versus subsidy-funded
Some revshare is funded by actual revenue earned from users or markets. Other revshare is funded by subsidies (money set aside for promotion). Subsidies can be legitimate marketing, but they are temporary. A responsible program labels subsidies clearly and does not imply they are permanent.
Rate sensitivity and reserve income
If revshare is funded by reserve-related income, it can be sensitive to interest rates and to the composition of reserves. A change in market rates or a shift toward more conservative reserves can reduce available income. Policy papers discuss reserve design and disclosure because the quality and liquidity of reserves matters for redemption reliability during stress.[2][3]
Stress scenarios
Consider what happens when markets are quiet or when confidence breaks. Many fee streams in crypto markets are pro-cyclical (they rise in booms and fall in busts). Central bank analysis highlights that stablecoins can be vulnerable to runs if confidence erodes and that such events can amplify stress through spillovers.[9]
Who bears losses
If a program pays high revshare, someone bears the cost. It may be users through higher spreads, merchants through higher fees, or liquidity providers through hidden risks. The program might also be taking risks, such as lending out assets, that shift losses to participants if something fails.
A practical, balanced conclusion: sustainable revshare tends to be modest, transparent, and tightly linked to clearly defined revenue, while unsustainable revshare often depends on assumptions that only hold in good times.
Questions to ask
You do not need to be a lawyer or accountant to ask basic, practical questions. These questions help you understand whether a revshare offer is a straightforward commercial split or something that hides risk.
About the revenue source
- What exact revenue source is being shared (fees, spreads, reserve income, or something else)?
- Is the revenue source tied to market activity that can vanish during stress?
- Is the revenue source tied to reserves, and if so, what is disclosed about reserve composition and custody?
About the calculation
- Is the share based on gross or net revenue?
- What is the time period used for calculation and what is the payout schedule?
- Are there caps, exclusions, or tier changes that could lower payouts?
About control and change
- Who can change fees or terms, and how much notice is given?
- Can payouts be paused, and under what conditions?
- If this is on-chain, who controls upgrades and admin keys?
About exit and redemption
- If redemption of USD1 stablecoins is delayed, what happens to your ability to exit?
- If you are providing liquidity, what happens during a de-pegging event?
- Are conflicts of interest disclosed (for example, does the promoter earn from your activity)?
About compliance
- Does the product perform KYC (know your customer, identity verification) where it applies?
- What controls exist for sanctions screening and suspicious activity monitoring?
- Are restrictions applied by geography, and are they explained clearly?
None of these questions guarantee a safe outcome, but they help you compare offers on a like-for-like basis and avoid being misled by a single headline number.
Practical examples in plain English
Revshare is often described with numbers that look like trading jargon. Here are a few translations into plain English. The numbers are illustrative only.
- Exchange fee split: A venue charges a small trading fee when users trade assets, and it shares part of that fee with a partner that referred the user. If the user trades less over time, the partner earns less.
- Merchant rebate: A payment service charges a merchant a processing fee and then returns part of that fee as a rebate if the merchant meets certain volume and fraud targets. If disputes rise, the rebate can fall or disappear.
- Liquidity pool fee share: Traders swap assets in an AMM pool and pay a pool fee. Liquidity providers who supplied USD1 stablecoins to the pool receive a portion of those fees, but they also face the risk that the pool ends up holding a less desirable asset after a market shock.
- Balance-based program: A platform pays users an amount that depends on average balances held in USD1 stablecoins. The platform says the funds come from revenue sharing. A careful reader still asks whether the funds depend on reserve income, lending, or marketing budgets, because each source carries different risks.
These examples all share a theme: payouts depend on conditions. If conditions change, payouts change.
FAQ
Is revshare the same thing as interest?
Not necessarily. Interest is typically compensation for lending money (you give funds to someone else to use, and they pay you for the use of those funds). Revshare is a split of revenue from a defined activity. In practice, a balance-based revshare paid on USD1 stablecoins can feel like interest, especially if it is paid regularly and marketed as passive income. That is why clear disclosures matter.
Can revshare be risk-free if it is paid in USD1 stablecoins?
No. Even if payouts are made in USD1 stablecoins, you still face risks: the paying party might pause payments, smart contracts might fail, or redemption at par might be stressed. Policy work highlights that stablecoin arrangements can be vulnerable to runs if confidence breaks and that operational and governance weaknesses can amplify stress.[1][2][9]
What is the biggest difference between off-chain and on-chain revshare?
Off-chain revshare is paid by a company through normal accounting systems. It can be simpler operationally, but you rely on the payer. On-chain revshare is automated in smart contracts and can be more transparent, but it brings smart contract risk and governance risk.
Why do some programs pay more during boom times?
Because fees and volumes are often higher. When markets are active, trading fees, spreads, and protocol fees can rise. When activity falls, those revenue sources can shrink quickly.
How should I compare two revshare offers?
Focus on the revenue source, the formula, and the conditions for change or termination, not just the headline rate. If one offer is tied to opaque spreads and another is tied to explicit fees, the second may be easier to verify. If one offer is tied to on-chain fees, you may be able to observe the fee flow, but you still need to understand smart contract and market risks.
Does revshare raise compliance obligations?
Often, yes. If a business is paying revshare for activity involving virtual assets, it may fall under regulatory and financial integrity expectations in many jurisdictions. FATF guidance describes how anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing expectations apply to virtual asset service providers and stresses a risk-based approach.[4][5]
What role do banks and prudential supervisors play here?
Prudential supervision (safety and soundness oversight of regulated firms) can matter when banks or other regulated firms have exposure to cryptoassets through custody, trading, or service provision. The Basel Committee has set out a prudential framework for bank exposures to cryptoassets, reflecting concerns about risk measurement, capital treatment, and risk management.[8]
Glossary
- At par: At the intended one-to-one value, such as one unit redeemable for one U.S. dollar.
- Attestation: A third-party confirmation of specific information for a specific period, often narrower than a full audit.
- Automated market maker (AMM): A pool-based trading mechanism where prices adjust based on pool balances.
- Blockchain: A shared database maintained by a network, where transactions are grouped and recorded.
- Counterparty risk: The risk that the other party in an arrangement cannot or will not meet its obligations.
- Custody: The legal and operational arrangement for holding assets on behalf of others.
- Decentralized finance (DeFi): Financial services run through software rather than a single firm.
- De-pegging: When a stablecoin breaks from its intended stable value.
- KYC: Know your customer, identity verification performed by a service provider where it applies.
- Liquidity provider: A participant who supplies assets to a market or pool so others can trade.
- On-ramp and off-ramp: Services that convert between bank money and digital assets.
- Oracle: A mechanism that feeds outside data into a blockchain or smart contract system.
- Revshare: Revenue sharing, an arrangement that splits revenue between parties based on defined rules.
- Smart contract: Code that runs automatically to enforce rules, often used in on-chain protocols.
- Travel Rule: A rule that calls for certain customer information to travel with transfers in some contexts.
Sources
- Financial Stability Board, "High-level Recommendations for the Regulation, Supervision and Oversight of Global Stablecoin Arrangements" (July 2023)
- International Monetary Fund, "Understanding Stablecoins" (Departmental Paper, December 2025)
- Bank for International Settlements, "Stablecoin growth - policy challenges and approaches" (BIS Bulletin No 108, 2025)
- Financial Action Task Force, "Updated Guidance for a Risk-Based Approach to Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers" (October 2021)
- Financial Action Task Force, "Virtual Assets: Targeted Update on Implementation of the FATF Standards on Virtual Assets and VASPs" (June 2023)
- U.S. Department of the Treasury, "Report on Stablecoins" (November 2021)
- IOSCO, "Policy Recommendations for Crypto and Digital Asset Markets" (November 2023)
- Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, "Prudential treatment of cryptoasset exposures" (December 2022)
- European Central Bank, "Stablecoins on the rise: still small in the euro area, but ..." (Financial Stability Review focus box, November 2025)